Smart Geographic object: Toward a new understanding of GIS Technology in Ubiquitous Computing

One of the fundamental aspects of ubiquitous computing is the instrumentation of the real world by smart devices. This instrumentation constitutes an opportunity to rethink the interactions between human beings and their environment on the one hand, and between the components of this environment on the other. In this paper we discuss what this understanding of ubiquitous computing can bring to geographic science and particularly to GIS technology. Our main idea is the instrumentation of the geographic environment through the instrumentation of geographic objects composing it. And then investigate how this instrumentation can meet the current limitations of GIS technology, and offers a new stage of rapprochement between the earth and its abstraction. As result, the current research work proposes a new concept we named Smart Geographic Object SGO. The latter is a convergence point between the smart objects and geographic objects, two concepts appertaining respectively to

Etimating NAIRU: the Morocco case

The concept of NAIRU summarized the observed negative correlation between the unemployment rate and the inflation rate for a number of countries. This correlation persuaded some analysts of the impossibility for governments to simultaneously target both low unemployment and price stability. Therefore, it was government's role to seek a point on the trade-off between the two objectives which matched a domestic social consensus. In this paper, we intend to estimate the Moroccan’s NAIRU for 1998Q1-2012Q4 period by applying the Kalman filter

Etimating NAIRU: the Morocco case

The concept of NAIRU summarized the observed negative correlation between the unemployment rate and the inflation rate for a number of countries. This correlation persuaded some analysts of the impossibility for governments to simultaneously target both low unemployment and price stability. Therefore, it was government's role to seek a point on the trade-off between the two objectives which matched a domestic social consensus. In this paper, we intend to estimate the Moroccan’s NAIRU for 1998Q1-2012Q4 period by applying the Kalman filter

Des modèles de formation professionnelle d’origine étrangère à l’épreuve des spécificités sociétales marocaines

Le système actuel de formation professionnelle marocain est un assemblage de modèles et de catégories d’action publique en grande partie inspiré de dispositifs mis en œuvre dans différents pays de l’OCDE. Si le choix du système résidentiel français est né des liens historiques avec la France, l’application des autres modèles (dual et par apprentissage organisé, inspirés de l’Allemagne et de la Belgique) montre une configuration composite qui résulte d’un processus socio-politique. Ces deux modèles reposent sur une autre conception de la régulation de la relation formation-emploi, en terme de “marché professionnel” qui implique que l’entreprise marocaine soit appelée à participer activement à la production des compétences et des qualifications dans un cadre structuré par les règles de l’alternance école-entreprise, ce qui distingue cette formule de l’apprentissage traditionnel. L’introduction de l’approche par compétence, d’origine canadienne, relève d’une autre conception de la coordination entre centres de formation et ateliers de production.L’artisanat, ancré au Maroc dans une tradition multiséculaire, sert de “secteur analyseur” de cette complexe configuration. Ce choix se justifie d’autant plus qu’il permet de confronter les dispositifs “modernes” de formation des jeunes au traditionnel apprentissage sur le tas, et ainsi de révéler le résultat de la coexistence entre modèles d’origine étrangère et formes “classiques” de construction des compétences.The present system of vocational training in Morocco is an assembly of models and categories of policy making largely inspired from different countries of the OECD. If the choice of the scholar vocational training has its origin in the common history of both countries, the introduction of other models (dual and vocational training inspired from Germany and Belgium) constructs a composite configuration that results from a socio-political process. These two models are based on an other conception of the regulation of the vocational training-employment relationship, in term of “ occupational market “ that implies that the Moroccan enterprises should participate actively in the production of skills and qualifications. This institutional setting is structured by the rules of the school-enterprise alternating, what distinguishes this formula of the model of the traditional apprenticeship. The application of the Canadian Competency-Based-Education is linked to an other design of the coordination between training centers and workshops.In Morocco the handcraft is anchored in a multi-centuries tradition; so it is a relevant way for analyzing this complex configuration. This choice is justified by the fact it allows to confront the “ modern “ devices of vocational training to the traditional on the job training. So it is possible to reveal the result of co-existence between foreign models and traditional ways to produce the skills